Texas Smoking Ban
Jacob Sullum | February 1, 2007, 12:03pm
The Texas legislature is mulling a ban on smoking in all indoor workplaces, including bars and restaurants. The opposition is not exactly inspiring. Philip Morris, which for a couple of years refrained from taking a stand on smoking bans, is lobbying against the bill. If the company thought its resistance to smoking bans was hurting its corporate image, it had things backward: Given the company's reputation for dishonesty and its lack of principle, its resistance hurts the resistance. The Texas Restaurant Association is not much better. Here is the opening position of its executive director:
Increasingly we see that cities are adopting bans....We have some concerns. One is, we want a level playing field—if you're going to ban smoking in restaurant bars that you don't allow smoking in bars. That's an ongoing equity issue with us.
In other words, if you're going to usurp our property rights, do it statewide and across the board.
Meanwhile, in a Washington Post essay, the toxicologist Gio Batta Gori outlines some of the problems with the scientific case against secondhand smoke. Here is one that's often overlooked:
Typically, the studies asked 60–70-year-old self-declared nonsmokers to recall how many cigarettes, cigars or pipes might have been smoked in their presence during their lifetimes, how thick the smoke might have been in the rooms, whether the windows were open, and similar vagaries. Obtained mostly during brief phone interviews, answers were then recorded as precise measures of lifetime individual exposures.
In reality, it is impossible to summarize accurately from momentary and vague recalls, and with an absurd expectation of precision, the total exposure to secondhand smoke over more than a half-century of a person's lifetime. No measure of cumulative lifetime secondhand smoke exposure was ever possible, so the epidemiologic studies estimated risk based not only on an improper marker of exposure, but also on exposure data that are illusory.
While Gori's criticism is welcome, the opening of his piece is weirdly anachronistic, reading as if he recently awakened from a decade-long nap:
Lately, people have begun to worry about the health risks of secondhand smoke. Some policymakers and activists are even claiming that the government should crack down on secondhand smoke exposure, given what "the science" indicates about such exposure.
You don't say. The problem is that "the science" never has been the real motivation for smoking bans. It is merely an excuse offered by people who support this policy for other reasons: activists who want to eliminate smoking and nonsmokers who want the "right" to avoid smoke wherever they choose to go, even on other people's property.
Doug | February 2, 2007, 9:49am | #
First: disclaimer.
I do not support the banning of smoking on private property or outside. I think the government can do whatever they want on their prooerty, including banning smoking.
Second: substantive point. About the scientist quoted in the original post, oh, so many comments ago. Basically he is making the point that the health effects of second hand smoke are hard to measure (Actually he is implying they are over estimated) because the data on second hand smoke exposure is sortof anecdotal, based on recollection and probably crappy.
With all due respect, that is called "measurement error in the independent variable." It is a pretty common problem in statistical analysis, and in general it biases the effects "down" (towards zero). That is, if you had a better measure of second hand smoke consumption, the effects would probably get bigger, not smaller.
I mean, c'mon, put enough ufiltered smoke into someone's lungs, it is likely to have SOME effect, even if it is not large.
The point is that a bar owner, restaurant owner, brothel owner, cafe owner or bookstore owner should be able to dictate the rules on his own property, at least if they make these rules public. (For instance, an undisclosed "I get to feel your breasts" rule might run afoul).
All this discussion of smoking is bringing back nice memories, though. I may go buy a pack! Thanks guys!
Gene | February 4, 2007, 1:14pm | #
Of course the facts about Gori's background are relevant, not least this from a 1998 St. Paul Pioneer Press article:
>>Between December 1992 and July 1993, Gori was paid $20,137 for two letters to the Wall Street Journal, one letter to the British medical publication The Lancet, one letter to the NCI Journal and one opinion piece to the Wall Street Journal, the records show.
>>The opinion piece was rejected by the editors of the Wall Street Journal, but that didn't stop Gori from billing the law firm of Covington and Burling $4,137.50 for it.
>>Gori, now a private consultant for tobacco in Bethesda, Md., said he didn't particularly remember the letters. "This is six years ago. Who the hell remembers those things?" he said.
>>He said there was nothing wrong with getting paid to write the letters. That's his job, he said.
>>"Are you getting paid for what you're writing?" he asked. "We're all out there working."
Gori's extensive tobacco work is common knowledge. He appears quite often in Judge Kessler's excoriation of the tobacco industry and its campaign to dispute the science of secondhand smoke. Here's just one menton:
>>3823. In 1999, B&W funded a book by Luik and fellow industry consultant Gio Gori through a third party, the Fraser Institute. Blackie WD, 143:6-12. The book, titled Passive Smoke: The EPA’s Betrayal of Science and Policy, alleged scientific misconduct on the part of the EPA in conducting its Risk Assessment. JDX2781834-1954 (JD 067661). The authors did not acknowledge tobacco industry funding. Blackie WD, 143:10-17.
--http://coop.dcd.uscourts.gov/99-2496-082006a.pdf
Apparently, getting secretly paid to write funder-favorable items is not an ethical issue for him.
So the question is, did he get paid by tobacco to write the WP article too? It seems such an obvious issue that the WP should have at least asked.
Instead, WP solely cites his work for NCI--all of 30 years ago(!) WP fails to mention any of Gori's more recent tobacco work.
It takes some doing--a conscious effort, actually-- to ignore a contributor's resume since 1976. So was the WP just plain blitheringly ignorant? Or did it deliberately hide the facts?
Either way, is the Washington Post guilty of gross dereliction of duty to its readers? Of course. But was it too paid?