Pray for meif you ever pray!
Tim Cavanaugh | March 31, 2006, 1:59pm
God comes up empty-handed in the largest, longest study of the effect of intercessory prayer. In a study of 1,800 heart bypass surgery patients, the American Heart Journal finds that remote orisons not only don't make any difference, they actually make things worse. (If that seems paradoxical, consider the lilies of the field.)
The team recruited patients who were about to undergo coronary bypass surgery at six US hospitals. They randomly assigned them to one of three groups: about 600 were told that they might be prayed for but were not; 600 were told that they might be prayed for and were; and another 600 were prayed for and knew about it...
Each night of the trial, the team faxed a list of the patients to be prayed for to three Christian groups, whose members prayed for successful surgery and a quick recovery...
The investigators found that praying made no difference to the health of patients who didn't know whether they were being prayed for or not. But the group who knew that they were being prayed for was approximately 14% more at risk of complications, mainly abnormal heart rhythms. Perhaps, the investigators suggest, this was because it made them more anxious.
"It may have made them uncertain, wondering am I so sick they had to call in their prayer team?" Dr. Charles Bethea tells The New York Times.
An earlier Duke U. study came to a similarly ungodly result.
"Don't pray when it rains if you don't pray when the sun shines," said Satchel Paige. More prayer quotes here.
DogRiverDan | April 1, 2006, 10:38am | #
Correct me if I'm wrong, but I also thought that in addition addition to establshing a correlation one also had to postulate a mechanism by which a causation might occur.
Depends on what you're doing. Raw statistics can only demonstrate correlation; to show causation you have to have a controlled experiment, which this appears to be an attempt at.
You need not postulate a causative mechanism in order to conclusively show causation exists; it's enough to simply show that the cause-effect relationship works. Without some kind of postulate for the mechanism, though, it's unlikely that you're going to get much interest, grant money, etc. to continue your research.
As has been mentioned, we know the placebo effect works, even though we don't know what the exact mechanism is.
However in the case of psychic phenomena, say, I think one has to demonstrate that there is actually some mechanism by which thoughts are sent from one person to another.
Again, not necessarily. The JREF, for instance, offers a million dollars to anyone who can conclusively demonstrate "supernatural" powers in a controlled experiment. That would be an incredible result - conclusive evidence of any of the usual "psychic" powers would be a bombshell all by itself. And when you're experimenting with new science, it's important to show that the effect you're researching actually exists before spending any money on exploring the mechanism. For instance, a research study that tries to determine whether intercessory prayer is carried by telepathic radio waves or rectally-sourced ethereal primates is pointless until you know whether intercessory prayer itself even exists.
So far I don't think psychics have described a means by which this happens, say, in the same way that scientists have described the way that radio waves are transmitted and received.
Not true! Isaac Bonewits, in his book "Real Magic", postulates that psychic phenomena are transmitted via extremely low-wavelength radio frequencies generated by the electrical activity in the brain. The problem is that this is a very testable hypothesis, and in fact has been - early experiments in telepathy and remote viewing involved putting the participants in shielded booths.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the fact that being in a shielded booth or not being in a shielded booth had little effect on the non-performance of psychic powers is pretty conclusive evidence that this is not the mechanism by which psychic powers work.
But then, we're in angels-dancing-on-the-head-of-a-pin territory now; there's no evidence that psychic powers even exist, so arguing the mechanism by which they do is pointless. Which neatly wraps up the answer to your question, I think.